Mount Etna is one of Sicily's symbols and a major tourist attraction on the island. With its nearly continuous volcanic activity, it attracts thousands of visitors each year eager to witness a unique natural spectacle up close. Despite its active nature, Etna’s eruptions are mainly effusive, with explosions and Strombolian activity localized around the summit craters, as well as lava flows slowly advancing down the volcano’s slopes.
Throughout history, some eruptions have had devastating consequences: the 1669 lava flow reached Catania, surrounding Castello Ursino, while others have threatened towns and tourist areas such as Rifugio Sapienza or Piano Provenzano. Fortunately, in recent years, lava has mainly flowed into the Valle del Bove, an uninhabited area of great scenic value.
Watching an eruption of Mount Etna is an extraordinary experience, with spectacular explosions, smoke columns, and glowing lava tongues lighting up the night landscape. However, it is essential to follow safety measures and adhere to the guidelines provided by Civil Protection and local authorities, keeping in mind that on an active volcano, zero risk does not exist.
The February 2025 Eruption of Mount Etna
Starting on February 8, 2025, a new eruptive phenomenon captured the attention of enthusiasts and tourists. This time, the lava flow originated at an altitude of approximately 3,000 meters near the New Southeast Crater and rapidly extended for several kilometers along the southwestern slope. Its relative accessibility allowed people to admire the event from various panoramic spots, attracting thousands of curious onlookers, often uninformed about safety regulations and inadequately equipped.
Where is the lava flow located?
The volcanic activity is centered around the summit craters at over 3,000 meters in altitude, particularly Bocca Nuova, the Northeast Crater, and Voragine. These days, explosions, degassing, smoke plumes, and effusive lava emissions have been recorded at high elevations. The lava flow descends along the southwestern slope toward Adrano and Biancavilla but remains at a considerable distance and does not pose a direct threat to inhabited areas. At the time of publishing this article, the lava flow had reached an altitude of 1,800 meters, crossing the Monte Pecoraro area, Rifugio Galvarina, and Grotta degli Archi, also cutting across the pista altomontana trail.
When and Where to Watch the Eruption?
Smoke and gas emissions are most visible during the day, while the incandescent lava offers its best spectacle after sunset. On clear days, the lava flow can be seen from afar, even from the province of Syracuse, though it is better observed from the outskirts of foothill towns like Adrano. For an optimal view, it is advisable to reach panoramic points above 1,500 meters, free of trees or elevation obstructions. Some of the best observation spots from a safe distance include:
- Piano dei Grilli
- Piano Fiera
Even from medium altitudes, using binoculars or a telephoto camera lens, the images of the eruption will be spectacular. However, weather conditions should be considered, as cloud cover can obstruct the view, and smoke from the lava flow, in the absence of wind, may partially obscure visibility.
Accessibility and Safety
Local authorities, including the municipalities of Biancavilla and Adrano, have issued ordinances to regulate access to areas closest to the lava flow and ensure safe distances. Additionally, due to the influx of visitors, some roads, such as SP92 from Nicolosi to Rifugio Sapienza and Strada Milia, have been made one-way to prevent traffic congestion. It is also mandatory to carry snow chains as the area is currently snow-covered.
Guided Tours to Watch the Lava Flow
Approaching a lava flow is an extraordinary experience, but it must be done with awareness and preparation. Too many people have reached the mid-altitudes of the volcano in recent days with inappropriate clothing for the temperature, without knowledge of the trails, or disregarding basic safety rules. Relying on expert volcanological guides is the safest way to explore the volcano. Guides have extensive knowledge of the terrain, stay constantly updated on the eruption’s evolution, and are aware of any access restrictions.
Essential Equipment
For a hike on Mount Etna these days, the following gear is essential:
- Winter technical clothing (waterproof jacket, gloves, hat)
- Trekking boots
- Headlamp (return trips occur after sunset)
- Protective helmet (provided by guides in some cases)
- Trekking poles or snowshoes (if the terrain is snow-covered, often available through guided tours)
- Backpack with water, snacks, and a camera
The guided tour routes to watch the 2025 eruption generally start from Piano Vetore or Rifugio Ariel (altitude 1,900-2,000 meters). The trek to reach the lava front involves 8-10 km round trip on snowy trails and under variable weather conditions. The difficulty level is moderate, suitable for hikers with a good level of preparation.
What to Expect During the Excursion
Excursions near the lava flow can last several hours. It is important to always maintain a safe distance from the lava front: seemingly cold rocks may still be incandescent, and when in contact with snow, they can cause sudden explosions. Adhering to safety guidelines is essential to ensure a safe and unforgettable experience. Once past the tree line and the ridges obstructing the view, and after sunset, the long stretch of incandescent lava will offer an unparalleled spectacle. The lava front has a lower temperature, but being close to this geological phenomenon is an awe-inspiring experience.
Joining a Guided Excursion to the 2025 Lava Flow
Among the organized excursions available to admire the lava flow, we highlight the tours offered by Etnatribe, accompanied by volcanological guides. The meeting point for the excursion is in the square of Rifugio Sapienza, or you can also book the option that includes transportation with pick-up in the historic center of Catania. The trek starts from Piano Vetore, allowing you to first immerse yourself in a lush, snowy forest before reaching a lunar landscape and finally getting a view of the lava flow. The trek is approximately 12 km long with a 350 m elevation gain. The participation fee for the excursion is €49 per person, with a meeting at the guide hut at 2:00 PM and departure at 3:00 PM. The option including transportation to and from Catania costs €80 per person. The hiking excursion is offered from Tuesday to Sunday (additional dates will be added to the calendar if the eruption continues or based on any official ordinances), while the option with transportation is available on weekends. For more information and bookings, you can visit the Etnatribe website by clicking on the following links:
Safety First
Before reaching Mount Etna and embarking on any excursion, we recommend checking the latest ordinances and safety regulations. Following the rules is essential to enjoy an unforgettable experience without unnecessary risks. Here are some useful links:
Further updates may also be provided by the civil protection agency or the Etna park authority.
Photo credits: The graphical representation of the lava flow is by INGV, and for the lava flow photos, we thank Salvo Lauricella for his availability.
